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What is orthodontics?
Orthodontics is a specialized branch of dentistry whose objective is to study, prevent, and correct dental and maxillary irregularities. Its aim is to restore the morphological balance of the oral cavity and face.
The decision to treat a patient with orthodontics involves determining the patient’s objective and the type of appliance the patient needs (functional, removable or fixed).
In general, the most commonly used and most well-known appliances are fixed appliances (also known as brackets or braces). These correct a wide variety of oral anomalies such as crowded or rotated teeth, for example.
What are the benefits of orthodontics?
If you suspect you have a condition that could pose a risk to your dental health in the short or long term or if you want to improve the appearance of your smile, understanding the benefits of orthodontics will help you grasp its importance as well as understand why it’s worth investing time and money in braces. The benefits of orthodontics are as follows:
- Prevent tooth wear and damage to supporting tissues: If the patient has a malocclusion, tooth wear and bone loss can occur over time. This can damage supporting tissues and teeth. The aim of orthodontics is to correct irregularities and achieve a natural alignment.
- Improved hygiene. When teeth are moved to their correct position, plaque buildup is decreased and teeth cleaning becomes easier. Furthermore, infections, cavities, and even periodontitis can be prevented.
- Improved appearance: When teeth are positioned correctly, your smile becomes esthetically pleasing and visually appealing.
- Supports psychological and emotional wellbeing: Orthodontics improves teeth position, which in turn creates positive effects in a person’s self-esteem and self-perception.
- Prevents jaw pain: Orthodontic treatment helps alleviate the pain caused by Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction.
- Improved nutrition: Patients are able to chew better and grind food more effectively when their bite is corrected. This aids in proper food digestion and prevents indigestion.
Improved pronunciation and speech problems: By correcting the position of the teeth, articulation of words, and speech in general are improved.
What are the different types of orthodontics?
Thanks to medical advances, there now exist different types of orthodontics that can be applied depending on a patient’s needs and the specialist’s recommendations. There are several determining factors that must be evaluated when choosing the ideal type of orthodontics. These include:
- Cost and duration of the treatment.
- The patient’s oral health habits.
- Personal expectations.
- Previous treatments or interventions.
Braces
Due to their effectiveness and affordability, traditional metal brackets, also known as braces, are one of the most popular orthodontic treatments. These are metal devices used with wire ligatures or rubber bands.
Self-litigating metal braces
This type of system eliminates the need for rubber bands to hold the wire; instead, the bracket has its own cap. This system reduces friction, facilitating tooth movement and is much more innovative than traditional braces.
Ceramic self-ligating orthodontics
The most aesthetically pleasing of all orthodontic systems, ceramic self-ligating braces do not use ligatures (which can become stained). However, because they are ceramic, they are much less noticeable than conventional braces.
Dental aligners
Also known as Invisalign, dental aligners are a type of invisible, removable orthodontic treatment that can be removed for eating or brushing. This is an effective alternative for those seeking a discreet appearance during treatment or a removable option for specific occasions.
Choosing the best orthodontic option
Receiving professional advice is vital to understanding your needs, the factors that might interfere with your treatment, and the ideal type of orthodontics for your particular case.
The process of choosing an orthodontic treatment can vary depending on the patient. The evaluation process begins with the following:
- A general oral exam to evaluate the motive for the consultation, the patient’s main grievance, and to establish a diagnosis and treatment plan based on the observations of the dental professional, including dental crowding, an asymmetrical smile, malocclusions, etc.
- If the specialist finds that the patient is suitable for treatment, several studies are conducted to thoroughly evaluate the condition of the patient’s teeth. These include x-rays, photographs, digital scans, etc.
- Once the evaluation is completed, an orthodontic treatment is chosen that is based on the patient’s needs.
How much do orthodontic treatments cost?
The cost of a treatment can vary based on the patient. To receive a personalized estimate, the specialist must evaluate several factors, including:
- Type of orthodontics. The cost will depend on the complexity and type of orthodontics. In general, conventional braces are more economical in price when compared to other esthetic options, as is the case with self-ligating braces or aligners.
- Complexity of the case. In cases in which the patient suffers from a pathology that prevents the placement of orthodontics or that requires prior intervention.
- Length of treatment. The longer the treatment is, the more expensive it will be. However, it is important to keep in mind that the duration of the treatment is related to the complexity of the case, the type of orthodontics utilized, and the patient’s commitment throughout the treatment.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which type of orthodontic treatment is more effective?
The most effective orthodontic treatment depends on the specific case, whether it be misaligned teeth, bite issues, or some other pathology. Some treatments, such as self-ligating braces, offer greater treatment effectiveness.
Which type of orthodontic treatment is more effective?
The most effective orthodontic treatment depends on the specific case, whether it be misaligned teeth, bite issues, or some other pathology. Some treatments, such as self-ligating braces, offer greater treatment effectiveness.
Which type of treatment is fastest?
The duration of an orthodontic treatment depends on the difficulty of each specific case. On average, treatment time ranges from 16 to 38 months, depending on the complexity and the patient’s habits. Nevertheless, self-ligating braces offer a reduced treatment time.
When are orthodontics not recommended?
If a patient has untreated cavities, active periodontal disease, severe bone loss, or any other condition that prevents orthodontic treatment, the orthodontist will decide whether treatment is recommended or if prior interventions are necessary.
When braces are removed, should retainers be used?
Retainers should always be worn after orthodontic treatment is completed, as indicated by the orthodontist. This is to prevent teeth from returning to their original, pre-treatment position and to maintain long-term results.
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Written by: Grupo Dental Gil
Reviewed: Dra. Natalia Vargas
Published: March 7, 2026